Veterynarna biotehnologija – Veterinary biotechnology, 2022, 40, 21-31 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.31073/vet_biotech40-02

AYSHPUR O.Y., e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., MUSHTUK I.Yu., e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., SHEREMET N.O., e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., KRISHCHUK Y.S., e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., KYIVSKA G.V.¹, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.,  GUMENIUK V.V., e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., YERMOLENKO O.M., e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., DEREVYANKO M.M., e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Institute of Veterinary Medicine NAAS

¹ State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF CLINICAL ISOLATES OF THE ENTEROBACTERIACEAE FAMILY IN CASE OF ANIMAL BACTERIOSIS ON CATTLE FARMS IN UKRAINE

Introduction. In the modern development of scientific and technological progress, including medical science and practice, much attention is paid to the study of opportunistic pathogens and their role in infectious diseases of animals and humans. Such microorganisms include several genera of the family Enterobacteriaceae. When developing WHO documents on combating the global problem of antimicrobial resistance, attention is drawn to the threat posed by gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to multiple antibiotics.

These bacteria have developed resistance to a wide range of antibiotics, including carbapenems and third-generation cephalosporins, which are the most effective of all antibiotics in treating bacterial infections with multiple drug resistance.

The goal of our work was to study the antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates of bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae isolated from animals sick with bacteriosis on livestock farms of Ukraine.

Materials and methods. The research was conducted in the Laboratory of Bacterial Diseases of Animals of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine of NAAS, as well as in livestock farms of Ukraine.

Determination of susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs was performed on Mueller-Hinton medium by the diffusion method according to the Bauer-Kirbi method using standard commercial disks with antibacterial preparations.

During 2018–2021, 1 562 samples of biomaterials from 97 livestock farms in different regions of Ukraine were studied, including milk samples from cows with mastitis and vaginal swabs in endometritis cases, nasal mucus from calf with respiratory syndrome, feces from animals with diarrhea, exudate in inflammatory processes of the limbs.

Results of research and discussion.A total of 1,562 isolates were studied, and 35 species of microorganisms were identified. Bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family ranged from 30.49% to 41.73% of all isolated species of microorganisms.

It should be noted the high resistance of selected isolates of E. coli to vancomycin – 96% of isolates; to erythromycin – 82%; to amoxicillin – 77%; tetracycline – 60%; kanamycin – 56%. Insignificantly lower resistance to cephalosporins: to ceftiofur – 51%; to cefotaxime – 31%; to fluoroquinolones: danofloxacin – 27%; ofloxacin – 27%; chloramphenicol – 34%; gentamicin – 35%. And it should be noted that during the study period (2019-2021) the percentage of resistant isolates of E. coli increased to 6 out of 12 antibiotics.

The results of research indicate a high resistance of the studied isolated cultures ofmicroorganisms genusProteus to antibiotics. Proteus are resistant to the group of aminoglycosides (36.6-71.4% of the studied isolates), cephalosporins (26.7-66.7%), glycopeptides (74.0-93.7%), fluoroquinolones (18.7-44, 4%), macrolides (76.1-100.0%); rifampicin (93.3-1.0.0%). So it should be noted that the percentage of resistant isolates of Proteus mirabilis increased to 9 of 12 antibiotics during 3 years of research.

Conclusions and prospects for further research.According to the results of research, high resistance of selected isolates of E. coli to antibacterial drugs was registered,as well as an increase in antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates over the years of research.

The results of research indicate a high resistance of the microorganisms of the genusProteusto antibiotics. Analyzing the results, we can conclude that the most sensitive were Proteus cultures to the group of cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones.

In the future, it is important to continue the study of bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae and their role in infectious pathology of productive animals. Establishing antibiotic resistance of clinical strains of enterobacteria will allow the use of rational antibiotic therapy to overcome the global problem of resistance to antibacterial preparations. It is promising to study the mechanisms of the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance, including at the molecular genetic level.

Keywords: antibiotic resistance, bacteria, isolates, family Enterobacteriaceae, genus Proteus.

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