Veterynarna biotehnologija – Veterinary biotechnology, 2022, 40, 53-60 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.31073/vet_biotech40-05
KATYUKHA S.M., PhD, Senior Researcher,e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.,KRIVOSHIA P.YU., PhD, Senior Researcher,e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Experimental Station of Epizootology of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine of NAAS
VOZNYUK I.A., e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Rivne Regional State Laboratory of the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection
COMPARATIVE EFFICIENCY OF CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS IN BABESIOSIS OF DOGS
Introduction. Babesiosis is a blood-borne parasitic disease of dogs characterized by fever, depression, anemia, jaundice of the mucous membranes, disorders of the cardiovascular, nervous systems and digestive functions. The disease is accompanied by a severe course, and untimely treatment or its absence leads to the death of the animal.
Treatment of babesiosis in dogs must be comprehensive and involves the use of medications that act on various mechanisms of the pathological process. Today, veterinarians are armed with two chemotherapeutic drugs from Brovapharma: Azidine-Vet, which has been used for a long time, and Imkar-120, which is used only in the next 2 years.
The goal of the work. To compare the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs for canine babesiosis – Azidin-Vet and Imkar-120.
Materials and methods. With the acute course of the disease, 128 dogs of different ages and breeds were used for comparative evaluation of the anti-babesiosis efficacy of Azidine-Vet and Imcar-120 (from Brovapharma). These animals, according to the principle of analogues, were divided into 2 groups. The following clinical signs were observed in all animals: increase in body temperature to 40,0–41,0 °C. From the moment of the first clinical signs of the disease, babesia was detected in peripheral blood smears in 100% of cases. Maintenance, diet and symptomatic treatment were initially determined for dogs of groups 1 and 2.
Results of research and discussion. For the treatment of 73 dogs of group 1, along with the symptomatic treatment of Azidine-Vet was used. The drug was administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously as a 3,5% aqueous solution at a dose of 0,1 ml per 2 kg of body weight, twice, with an interval of 24–30 hours. In most animals (49 individuals) there was an improvement in one day after the first injection, in 14 dogs the improvement occurred on day 2, and in 4 patients the visible result was obtained only 3–4 days after the first injection of Azidine-Vet, and complete recovery occurred in 5±0,19–7±0,24 days. Five dogs died out of the total. The efficiency of Azidine-Vet in these experiments, on average, was 93,15%.
The second group included 55 dogs, which were administered Imcar-120 subcutaneously, once, at a rate of 0,3–0,5 ml per 10 kg of body weight. The use of Imkar-120 in babesiosis allows to achieve complete recovery of dogs for 3–4 days, ie 2 times faster than when using Azidine-Vet. The therapeutic efficacy of Imkar-120, on average, was 98,2%. It should also be noted that Imkar-120 is much easier to tolerate by animals.
Conclusions and prospects for further research. The most effective drug for the treatment of babesiosis in dogs was Imkar-120, compared with Azidine-Vet. The use of Imkar-120 allows to achieve complete recovery of dogs 2 times faster than when using Azidine-Vet. The therapeutic efficacy of Imkar-120 averaged 98.2%, while the efficacy of Azidine-Vet in these experiments averaged 93.15%. There is a less aggressive effect of Imkar-120 on the body of dogs compared with Azidine-Vet, while reducing mortality.
In the future it is planned to study the comparative efficiency of insecticides of systemic action for the prevention of babesiosis in dogs.
Keywords: babesiosis of dogs, Azidine-Vet, Imkar-120, efficiency.
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