Bulletin "Veterinary biotechnology"

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Veterynarna biotekhnolohiia – Veterinary biotechnology, 2023, 43, 106-123 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.31073/vet_biotech43-11

MEZHENSKYI A.O., e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., MEZHENSKA N.A., e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Institute of Veterinary Medicine of the NAAS

 

ANALYSIS OF MODERN APPROACHES TO THE CREATION AND OPERATION OF A NETWORK OF OFFICIAL TESTING LABORATORIES IN SOME EU COUNTRIES (REVIEW)

Introduction. Testing laboratories (TLs) play a crucial role in the official control of food, feed, animal health and welfare, and phytosanitary parameters in the European Union (EU). Ukraine, as a candidate country for EU membership, must develop its own network of official TLs that are as close as possible in structure, functions and testing methods to the laboratory networks of EU member countries.

The goal of the work. Conduct a comparative analysis of the structure, functions and regulatory framework of official laboratory networks in Germany, Romania, Poland, Latvia and Lithuania with a view to using them in developing a model for the development of a network of Ukrainian official TLs subordinate to the competent authority (CA).

Materials and methods. The material was official EU regulations governing the activities of official TLs, and information from the websites of ministries, departments and institutions whose activities are related to food and feed safety, animal health and welfare, as well as phytosanitary control in Germany, Romania, Poland, Latvia and Lithuania. A statistical-analytical method of information analysis was used.

Results of research and discussion. Germany's network of official TLs demonstrates a balanced approach between decentralization and central coordination. Regional laboratories in the federal states operate autonomously, while collaborating with national specialized reference laboratories (NRLs). The practice of examining exclusively state-funded monitoring samples highlights Germany's selectivity. The Romanian laboratory system exhibits fragmentation through the involvement of five different CAs in the supervision. The presence of a laboratory coordination department is a positive aspect and indicates steps towards a more integrated structure. The Romanian model, although complex, highlights the potential benefits of coordination and consolidation for effective performance. Poland's official laboratory network demonstrates a focused structure in which veterinary and sanitary laboratories are strategically distributed across regions. Having two separate CAs along with the Office of Laboratory Policy emphasizes a balanced approach to decentralization and centralized oversight. This system offers a model that combines regional specialization with overall coordination. The compact size of Latvia and Lithuania has led to the creation of a concentrated control system centered around two CAs. This simplified approach could serve as a template for each region of Ukraine, especially given the success of its centralized system and the existence of specialized laboratories.

Conclusions and prospects for further research. Ukraine can use the positive developments and experience of analyzed European laboratory models when creating its own network of official TLs. Given their identified strengths and weaknesses, it is possible to adapt a specific laboratory model to the specific needs and circumstances of Ukraine.

Keywords: testing laboratories, laboratory networks, official laboratories, official supervision (control), laboratory tests (research).

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