Citation: Kolinko I., Velesyk T. (2026) Ecotoxicological characteristics of lincomycin as a representative of lincozamide antibiotics in the environment. Veterinary Biotechnology, 48, 92-107. https://doi.org/10.31073/vet_biotech48-06
KOLINKO I. Postgraduate Student, е-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2738-8059
Rivne State University of the Humanities
VELESYK T. Cand. Sci. (econ), assoc. prof., е-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3201-9323
ECOTOXICOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LINCOMYCIN AS A REPRESENTATIVE OF LINCOZAMIDE ANTIBIOTICS IN THE ENVIRONMENT
Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the need for a comprehensive assessment of the toxicological properties of veterinary drugs as potential environmental contaminants. Among such compounds, antibiotics of the lincosamide group, in particular lincomycin, occupy an important place. The results obtained allow us to substantiate the degree of danger of the drug and predict its impact on ecosystems.
Purpose of the work. To establish the parameters of acute toxicity of the drug "Lincol VP" under the conditions of a single intragastric administration to white rats and, based on the obtained toxicometric indicators (LD₅₀, LD₁₀, LD₁₆, LD₈₄, LD₉₀, LD₁₀₀) to assess its potential ecotoxicological hazard as a representative of lincosamide antibiotics in the environment.
Materials and methods of the study. Preclinical study of the drug "Lincol VP" (lincomycin hydrochloride) was conducted at the laboratory of LLC "DEVIE" using non-linear white male rats (n = 64) aged 3–4 months and weighing 190–200 g, which were kept under standard vivarium conditions. The drug was administered intragastrically in the form of an aqueous solution at doses of 2500.0–30000.0 mg/kg of body weight with the formation of control and experimental groups, with the doses determined in a preliminary experiment and mainly specified. Observation of the animals was carried out for 14 days with subsequent pathological examination, and toxicometric indicators (LD₅₀ and others) were determined by the method of probit analysis using variational statistics.
Results of research and discussion. It was established that the administration of the drug «Lincol VP» at a dose of 2500.0 mg/kg of body weight did not cause signs of acute toxicity and death of animals during the observation period. When the dose was increased to 15000.0 mg/kg, depression, impaired coordination of movements and isolated cases of death were observed. At a dose of 30000.0 mg/kg, the drug caused a pronounced clinical picture of intoxication with a mortality of 100% during the first three days.
The main experiment established the dose-dependent nature of the toxic effect of the drug. In the groups of animals receiving 2500,0 and 5000,0 mg/kg, no signs of intoxication were detected, and there was no mortality. When 10000,0–20000,0 mg/kg was administered, depression, diarrhea and partial death of animals were recorded. In groups with doses of 25000.0 and 30000.0 mg/kg, severe intoxication with high mortality was observed within 2–4 days.
According to the results of probit analysis, it was established that the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of the drug is 18502.98±2674.67 mg/kg of body weight. The obtained data indicate a clear dependence of the effect on the dose and allow the drug to be classified as low-hazard substances.
Conclusions and prospects for further research:
1. It was established that the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of the drug "Lincol VP" is 18502.98±2674.67 mg/kg of body weight, which allows it to be attributed to the VI toxicity class (relatively harmless substances) and IV hazard class (low-hazard substances).
2. The dose-dependent nature of the toxic effect of the drug was revealed, which in high doses causes a violation of the functional state of the body and damage to internal organs.
3. The results obtained indicate low acute toxicity of lincomycin, however, taking into account its stability in the environment, further ecotoxicological studies are necessary.
Further studies should be directed to studying the chronic toxicity of lincomycin, its impact on soil and aquatic ecosystems, as well as assessing the risk of antibiotic resistance formation in the environment.
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