Veterynarna biotehnologija – Veterinary biotechnology, 2016, 29, 162-171 [in Ukrainian].

MEZHENSKYI A.A., e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

State Scientific and Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise

INDICATORS OF CELLULAR IMMUNITY IN HORSES AT DIFFERENT COURSES OF UVEITIS

Introduction. The study of immunological changes in the body of horses with uveitis will promote concepts of the pathogenesis of the disease, the development of sound criteria and prognosis of the disease, as well as the schemes of complex therapy and prevention.

The goal of the work – to explore parameters of cellular immunity in horses with acute, subacute and chronic course of uveitis.

Materials and methods of research. Studies carried out on clinically healthy horses (control group, n = 10) and horses with acute uveitis (n = 29) – the first group, subacute uveitis (n = 17) – the second group and chronic uveitis (n = 41) – the third group. The number of leukocytes, relative and absolute number of lymphocytes and their populations (T and B cells and 0-cells), and a subpopulation of T lymphocytes (T-suppressor and T-helper cells) were determined and immunoregulatory index (IRI) was calculated according to standard procedures for studying the immune status of horses with uveitis.

Results of research and discussion. Development of acute uveitis in horses accompanied by hyperactivity of an imbalance of T and B parts of the immune system, and also imbalance subpopulations of T-lymphocytes, which is typical for processes of infectious and autoimmune reactions to form delayed-type hypersensitivity. In subacute uveitis all the studied parameters, except for the absolute number of T-lymphocytes, were different from the similar indicators of clinically healthy horses unreliable and approached them, indicating a decrease the intensity of the inflammatory process in the uvea. Chronic uveitis in horses accompanied by a deep imbalance of T and B parts of the immune system that manifests a significant combined immunodeficiency, as evidenced by a significant decrease in the number of T and B lymphocytes and T helper cells against a background of reducing the number of unauthentic T suppressors and immunoregulatory index and that characteristic of chronic relapsing course of infectious and autoimmune processes of the inflammatory reaction to the formation of delayed-type hypersensitivity.

Conclusions and prospects for further research. Reliable changes in cellular immunity are registered in horses with acute and chronic uveitis and unreliable – with subacute uveitis. According to results of immunological studies acute and chronic uveitis in horses can be classified as infectious and allergic accompanied with combined immunodeficiency. Installed must be considered when developing the concept of the pathogenesis of uveitis in horses and pathogenetic treatment of this pathology.

Keywords: horse, eye diseases, uveitis, immunity, immunocompetent cells, T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes.

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