Veterynarna biotehnologija – Veterinary biotechnology, 2018, 33, 39-44 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.31073/vet_biotech33-05
KATYUKHA S.М., e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Experimental Station of Epizootology of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine of NAAS
THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATION PECULIARITIES OF SIMULIIDOTOXICOSIS OF CATTLE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF WEST POLYSSYA OF UKRAINE
Introduction. The greatest danger to cattle is represented by bloodsucking black-flies from numerous representatives of insects. Releasing potent hemolytic toxin during the bloodsucking, they cause pathological phenomena – simuliidotoxicosis. Insect bites are highly toxic to the cattle of a different age, but most often young animals got sick, which first occurs on pastures. Especially tangible economic losses in the farms of the West Polyssya of Ukraine, where there is a favorable ecology for the foci formation of the active black-flies breeding propagation and attacks.
The goal of the work. To study the mechanism of pathogenic influence of bloodsucking black-flies on the organism of animals on the basis of observation of the clinical manifestation of simuliidotoxicosis and studies of hematological indices.
Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on 20 heifers of 8-10 months old in the agricultural private enterprise “Sluch” in Rivne oblast. The animals were kept in summer camps, they were grazing in partially marshy forest glades, with high activity of bloodsucking black-flies. Number of insects was counted for 5 minutes on one side of the animals body surface using a digital camera. Clinical observation and hematological research were performed.
Results of research and discussion. The general intoxication was mainly manifested in 2-3 hours of morning grazing, when intensity of attacks exceeded 1,000 specimens in a 5-minute visual count. The first clinical signs characterized by lack of appetite, general inhibition and general weakness. During the examination of sick animals, body temperature increased by 1.5-2°C, and subsequently changed to subfibrillary. Violation of cardiac activity was registered. The pulse was accelerated and arrhythmic, with a frequency of 120-140 beats per minute. Dyspnea and accelerated breathing were observed as well (38-46 respiratory movements per minute). The blood parameters indicated a pronounced erythropenia, leukopenia and hemoglobin decreasing. Eosinophilia, neutrophilia with right shift were developed.
Conclusions and prospects for further research. The clinical signs of simuliidotoxicosis were registered in heifers in 2-3 hours of grazing at the intensity of black-flies attack more than 1000 specimens of during a 5-minute count. Intoxication of organism was characterized by fever, acceleration of the pulse and respiration rates, edema. The blood parameters indicated a pronounced erythropenia, leukopenia with a simultaneous decrease in hemoglobin. Eosinophilia, neutrophilia with shift were developed. Further research will be aimed at in-depth study of the biology features of the blood-sucking black-flies, their pathogenic role and the development of methods to combat them.
Keywords: bloodsucking black-flies, simuliidotoxicosis, cattle.
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