Bulletin "Veterinary biotechnology"

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Veterynarna biotehnologija – Veterinary biotechnology, 2018, 33, 130-135 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.31073/vet_biotech33-17

JANGOL JU.A., e-mail:This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Institute of Veterinary Medicine of the NAAS

DETERMINATION OF TOXICITY AND TOXIN PRODUCTION OF MICROSCOPIC FUNGI IN FEED

Introduction. The mycotoxicosis is a global challenge, primarily due to the spread of toxic fungi in environment, which under favorable conditions (high humidity, temperature) can affect fodder, food products, industrial raw materials and produce mycotoxins.

The goal of the work was to study feed grain contamination with microscopic fungi in farms, to identify the species belonging of isolated fungi and their ability to produce mycotoxins.

Materials and methods. We investigated feed obtained from farms in 2016-2017. A total of 165 samples of different feeds were tested including: wheat, corn, barley, bran, mixed fodder.

Results of the study and discussion. Carrying out studies on the feed general contamination with micromycetes, it was found that the number of diaspores in 1 g of feed exceeded the maximum permissible concentration. The highest level of contamination was registered in corn – 780 000 diaspores per gram of feed, the lowest level of contamination was in wheat – 195 000 diaspores per gram of feed. During the mycotoxicological study of feed there were isolated and identified 165 fungi strains, including Aspergillus fungi – 20%, Fusarium – 23%, Penicillium – 21%, Alternaria – 20%, Mucor – 1.9%, Cladosporium – 0.5%, others – 11%. The most active strains were found in fungi of the genus Fusarium that produced fumonisin – 12%, T-2 toxin – 8%, zearalenone – 10%, and the lowest amounts of vomitoxin – 4%.

Conclusions and prospects further research. As a result of the research it was found that the feed are highly contaminated with microscopic molds, among them there were a lot of toxic isolates that are potential producers of mycotoxins. To prevent mycotoxicosis, it is necessary examine feed for microscopic fungi availability routinely.

Keywords: fungi, mycotoxins, forage, monitoring, strains, Fusarium.

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